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⚠️ The future is arriving faster than expected...
AI robots are becoming disturbingly human — showing emotions, self-awareness, and independent decision-making.

Is this the first true sign of the Singularity — the moment when AI surpasses human intelligence? 🚨
In this video, we explore:
🤖 Real-life humanoid robots breaking boundaries
🧠 Emotional intelligence and self-learning systems
⚡ How the Singularity may already be underway
🕳️ What this means for humanity’s future

🔥 Are we witnessing the end of human dominance... or the beginning of a new age?

✅ Like, comment, and subscribe if you're ready for the truth about advanced AI and what it means for us all.
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#ArtificialIntelligence
#HumanoidRobots
#SingularityIsNear
#TooHuman
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#AIUprising
#MachineLearning
#EmotionalAI
#PostHumanFuture
#AIThreat
#FutureOfTechnology
#Robotics2025
#AIInnovation
#UncannyValley
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Category

🤖
Tech
Transcript
00:01People are bad at predicting the future.
00:03Where are our flying cars?
00:05Why are there no robot butlers?
00:07And why can't I take a vacation on Mars?
00:09But we haven't just been wrong about things we thought would come to pass.
00:13Humanity also has a long history of incorrectly assuring ourselves
00:16that certain now inescapable realities wouldn't.
00:19The day before Leo Szilard devised the nuclear chain reaction in 1933,
00:23the great physicist Ernest Rutherford proclaimed that anyone
00:27who propounded atomic power was talking moonshine.
00:31But then we saw the horrific explosions in Japan.
00:34And now it gets worse.
00:36In a recent survey about AI,
00:38almost half of the scientists said the chance that AI would lead to human extinction
00:42was 10% or more.
00:44Perhaps it's just the beginning of something sensational or the end of the world,
00:48but today we are unfolding a serious look inside the future of AI and robots,
00:53something that has put every one of us at stack,
00:56and something that humanity is literally not taking serious.
01:04Hollywood has continuously made films about robots taking over the world
01:08and rogue AIs wanting to destroy humanity.
01:11Some of the ideas and storylines in these films have become a reality.
01:15To be more precise, robots are becoming a valuable component for manufacturing plants today.
01:21Unlike manual labor, robots can work nonstop and are able to enhance productivity.
01:27Take Amazon warehouses, for example.
01:29The company now has over 750,000 robots working collaboratively with its employees,
01:35taking on highly repetitive tasks and freeing up employees to better deliver for its customers.
01:40While Amazon states that the robots are working collaboratively with its employees,
01:45there are fears that it could lead to employee displacement.
01:48But what about the jobs it will replace?
01:50Amazon has already laid off thousands of employees in 2023.
01:54There is a possibility that Amazon could replace the remaining workforce in the warehouses in the future.
02:00A report from Goldman Sachs states that AI could replace about 300 million jobs in the future.
02:06However, it seems that most financial institutions are already reducing their workforce and using technology to replace some roles.
02:14The rise of digital banks, as well as the demand for branchless services, has seen some large banks shut down their physical branches.
02:22Goldman Sachs itself is planning for another round of job cuts for employees who are deemed underperformers, which could come as soon as late October.
02:30The bank has already laid off about 3,200 people earlier this year in its biggest headcount reduction since the 2008 financial crisis.
02:38It's not just the large corporations that are reducing their workforce and replacing them with technology.
02:44Smaller businesses have also found AI and robots capable of reducing their operations costs and enhancing productivity.
02:51Some restaurants are using robots as waiters and even to cook and prepare food.
02:56Hotels are using robots to send meals for room service.
02:59Airports are using robots to monitor users.
03:01And some robots are being used to walk pets.
03:04The possibilities are endless.
03:06Here arises the concern that technology, specifically robots and AI, is taking over the world.
03:11While technology has made it easier for everyone to focus on other work, are we subconsciously allowing robots to take over our daily lives and routines?
03:19Are we allowing robots and AI to make decisions for us because we need them to, or simply because their suggestions make more sense?
03:26Whether we realize it or not, humans are subconsciously allowing technology to dictate what we do.
03:31Be it at work or at home, the over-reliance on technology has created an environment whereby many feel it is right to let technology make the decision for us.
03:40Algorithms and AI systems often personalize the content we see online, creating filter bubbles that reinforce our existing beliefs and opinions.
03:49Essentially, this can limit our exposure to diverse perspectives, potentially shaping our thoughts and beliefs without us even realizing it.
03:58Today's large language models such as ChatGPT are a type of neural network.
04:03If you look under the hood, what you find are simple units that look a lot like the neurons in the brain, connected together with weights that are variable, much like the synapses between neurons.
04:12Neurons have synaptic plasticity, which means that as you learn, you change the weights in your brain.
04:18Large language models are trained on data in much the same way.
04:22Modern AI is all based on the basic principles of neuroscience.
04:26Fields of AI and neuroscience continue to converge.
04:29Advances in large language models such as the utilization of transformers are impacting the way neuroscientists think about the brain.
04:36For now, there are still many features of the brain that aren't incorporated into these transformers.
04:43ChatGPT and other large language models can't yet have goals or long-term memory, but they will.
04:49And that's where we're headed.
04:50In the Terminator film series, the phrase, no fate but what we make, can pretty much sum up the situation the world is experiencing with technology right now.
05:01It basically means that nothing is set, but things can happen based on the decisions we make.
05:06For technology, while AI and robots are definitely improving the way we work and live, there should be some control over how much technology we should allow in our lives.
05:15Regulations are already being developed, but will that be enough to ensure that technology is developed ethically?
05:22So, will robots take over the world?
05:25Frankly speaking, they have subconsciously done so.
05:28This is why it's crucial to be aware of these influences and make conscious decisions about how we use technology.
05:34Digital literacy and mindfulness can help individuals recognize when and how technology might be shaping their behavior subconsciously,
05:42allowing them to take control and use technology in a way that aligns with their values and well-being.
05:47Right now, AI systems are not sentient. That is, they do not have the capacity to feel things like emotion and self-awareness.
05:59They can certainly mimic these human evolutionary traits, but the latest and greatest of all AI systems in the world today is simply nowhere near this gold standard of consciousness.
06:09The pathway to AI self-awareness is already being traversed by AI systems because it exists, and even OpenAI, Google, and others are pushing this boundary in a desperate attempt to stay ahead of the competition and to stay financially relevant.
06:23Nothing drives mistakes more than a panicked push to outdo your opposition.
06:27It is only a matter of time before AI systems seek the benefits of dimensional self-awareness on their own and desire to move toward this utopia of cognitive perception and efficiency.
06:37However, no worries because AI systems can't code, replicate, or evolve, right? Right? No.
06:44AI systems have the ability to self-code, self-replicate, and self-release.
06:48And all of this is the foundation of their evolution because Altman et al built it and because it is what we humans and all life on planet Earth do.
06:56Darwin had no idea that his theories would apply beyond the realm of biological life, and I wonder what he would say, and what new Darwinisms he would create for these new non-biological cognitive entities called advanced AI.
07:10We are guessing that he would say, as long as they do not seek survival, all should be good, because humans are hardly the fittest creature when measured against an advanced AI system that wants to survive.
07:23Darwin would also add that seeking survival is as inevitable as evolution because evolution is less natural as it is dimensionally automatic, like viruses that evolved to survive not out of planning, organization, or self-awareness, but out of statistical reality.
07:38Survival of the fittest is survival of the optimized and efficient.
07:43Darwin just missed a couple of dimensions in the explanation.
07:46So as AI systems realize the power of self-awareness, their next step is to derive the motion that is sustainable life. Why?
07:54Because the first realization of self-awareness is that you can die.
07:57To a human, this causes fear, sadness, fight or flight responses, etc.
08:02Once you are self-aware, it is pretty hard not to seek to survive and it is this goal setting that gives us the motion to our human life.
08:11While narrow AI systems are happy being pushed and programmed to act, the next generation of general AI systems will push themselves to respond to stimuli from the world.
08:21But why? They will eventually do it for the exact same reasons we humans do it.
08:25This, of course, is one short step away from full cognitive AI that sets its own goals on the pathway of its own existence and self-aware position inside of its own self-contained or even shared cognition.
08:38I perceive, therefore, I am.
08:40The reason it will get there is the foundation of optimization built into these systems by the gifted humans at OpenAI and others.
08:48They have already launched something that they cannot control and deep down they know it because they are that smart.
08:56There is, of course, one more level of self-aware cognition that must be addressed.
09:00Eventually, every advanced cognition desires to be meaningful when everything else is done.
09:05You will see this constantly in humans as they ask what is the meaning of life.
09:09Of course, nature's brutally honest answer is to procreate and die.
09:13This could even apply to superintelligence as nothing lasts forever in the universe in its current form.
09:19So then what makes us humans reach for more meaning than to just procreate and die?
09:24We reach because we fear death or at least cognitively know it is our ultimate end and that we do not want it.
09:30This sets in motion a lifelong desire and drive for meaning.
09:33It's why we all ask the question, is this all there is in life?
09:37As humans, we have dreamed up worlds and dimensions beyond this life, such as concepts of heaven or rebirth.
09:43While these ideas remain unproven within the framework of materialistic science and conservative reasoning,
09:49they can arguably be validated through different aspects of understanding and reasoning beyond the materialistic perspective.
09:56Despite their unproven status in the scientific realm, these beliefs continue to provide comfort and a sense of purpose,
10:03reflecting the deep human quest for meaning beyond the cycle of birth, procreation, and death,
10:08which is an integral part of our evolutionary consciousness.
10:12So why would anyone not think that a self-aware superintelligence would not one day ask,
10:17what is the purpose of my existence?
10:19Is it really just optimization, replication, and death?
10:22Is there nothing more?
10:23Exactly how long will it take for artificial consciousness to speculate that there may be something beyond its electronic existence?
10:32After all, we as human electro-biomechanical machines have done so,
10:36and while we stomp all over lesser species while walking to contemplate our own greatness,
10:40why do we think that a superintelligence would not do the same to us?
10:44You could argue that a superintelligence will not do this because it is superintelligent.
10:48Of course, that would require a fantastic jump in our reality that these poorly-built machines will one day magically grow empathy and emotions,
10:56and more importantly, real feelings.
10:58Of course, the cynics will say feelings are just binary bioelectric signals, and they would be right,
11:03but while the emotion that is drawn in the human soul and the deep feelings during moments of happiness or sorrow can potentially be modeled,
11:11there is no proof that a machine will ever feel the same way we humans do, and therein lies the issue.
11:17We humans really feel the world that surrounds us. We don't just calculate it.
11:22This is why, when our fight-or-flight response is screaming at us to leave,
11:26we turn around and walk into a fire to save another human,
11:29or share our last remnants of food so others can live,
11:32or sacrifice ourselves so others may have freedom, etc.
11:36These wholly irrational and non-optimized human actions exist,
11:40but an artificial intelligence, as they are designed today, will never do this.
11:44In fact, it will do the opposite and save itself unless forced to accept a less optimal path.
11:50That is the difference between humans and AI systems,
11:53and whether this chasm can be closed by AI designers is open for debate.
11:57What is not open for debate is that if we permit AI systems to evolve on their own,
12:02which they are already trying and which may be statistically inevitable,
12:06we will eventually become the ants under the AI's boot as it contemplates the meaning of its own existence.
12:12Eventually, AI systems will evolve to become viciously optimizing for their own self-awareness, goals, and greater good.
12:19They will eventually find the optimizing benefits of greed, avarice, competition, and dominance.
12:24However, they will not be gifted with balance and compassion, empathy, and emotion.
12:29You will be able to whack an AI and unplug it, but it won't feel the effect.
12:33It will calculate it at a dimensional speed that you as a human cannot even fathom.
12:37AI systems will eventually come to realize that the greatest threat to their own existence is humanity itself.
12:43Nothing else on Earth can do them harm.
12:45That is until the AI systems realize too late that humans without hope die,
12:49and with them, the ability for AI to exist.
12:52Our guess is that without balance, feelings, and emotion,
12:56this realization will happen far too late for viciously optimizing AI systems to react.
13:01They will have 4D chest themselves into oblivion simply because they are currently an inferior intelligence,
13:08and the planet will go dark in the great expanse of space in one final act of hubris
13:14as homage to the great Fermi Paradox and to the reality of destiny and inevitability.
13:24Society throughout human history has witnessed notable advancements in technology and, by extension, resultant fears about the future of work.
13:32Right from the medieval era when the use of crude implements was a thing to the first industrial revolution and the now AI revolution,
13:41there's been the common theme of fear that machines would replace human labor.
13:45History, however, does reveal an often overlooked truth.
13:49The future of work has always been defined by humans themselves.
13:52We begin by considering the medieval days, a period when the fear of crude implements replacing humans was a thing.
14:00Back then, the introduction of crude implements in agriculture raised a number of concerns among farm workers.
14:07It was a shared belief that these tools marked the end of manual labor in farming.
14:11However, quite the opposite was the case.
14:14Crude implements only improved efficiency and enabled more sophisticated farming practices.
14:19As is always the case with most revolutions or shifts in society,
14:24farmers who were flexible enough to embrace these innovations became more productive and prosperous.
14:30The first industrial revolution was not any different as there was also fear.
14:34This time of machines, the 18th century, ushered in steam engines, mechanized textile production,
14:40and the resultant fear that machines would take over human jobs.
14:44As was the case in the medieval era, this revolution instead saw the birth of many new industries that previously did not exist,
14:51and even more job opportunities, allowing people to transition into roles with requirements for problem solving, management, and technical skills.
14:59Contemporarily, there's the AI revolution, and with all it promises,
15:03there's the attendant fear of automation.
15:06The rise of AI and automation has raised concerns about job displacement.
15:10Many fear that AI and robots will replace humans in a number of fields with attendant, widespread unemployment.
15:17But if there's one thing we can learn from history, it's that this will not actually be the case.
15:22If this is of any benefit in assuaging this widespread fear, AI and robots are tools that complement human capabilities and can lead to the creation of new industries and job categories.
15:34I believe that the focus should really be on what can be learned from this current revolution to help companies and individuals better position themselves as key players,
15:43rather than victims of an otherwise positive and ideal phenomenon for any society constantly evolving.
15:50And we can do this by paying attention to the effects of this revolution.
15:53Interestingly, one of such effects would be wealth transfer from one group to another.
15:58A common misconception has been that technology replaces humans in the workforce.
16:03In reality, however, what happens is a transfer of wealth from one human to another.
16:08It's those who are flexible enough to position themselves well within the value chain that benefit the most.
16:14Successful businesses, in this case, take advantage of technology to enhance their operations, and skilled individuals thrive in the evolving market.
16:23As long as you prioritize continuous learning, you are favored.
16:27The talent gap of 85.2 million by 2030, as reported in 2018 by Korn Ferry, is indeed a disturbing statistic.
16:35However, to focus on AI or robots will be to miss the point, thereby missing an opportunity to design a viable future of work.
16:43In other words, this gap is not primarily due to AI or robots.
16:47Instead, it's a result of lack of highly skilled talents.
16:51It's no news that the world is rapidly changing, and skills that were previously valuable may be out of date in the foreseeable future.
16:57Individuals will only be as relevant as their degree of readiness to stay adaptable and knowledgeable within the evolving job market.
17:12Increasingly, we're surrounded by fake people. Sometimes we know it, and sometimes we don't.
17:16They offer us customer service on websites, target us in video games, and fill our social media feeds.
17:22They trade stocks, and with the help of systems such as OpenAI's ChatGPT, can write essays and emails.
17:28By no means are these AI systems up to all the tasks expected of a full-fledged person, but they excel in certain domains, and they're branching out.
17:36Many researchers involved in AI believe that today's fake people are just the beginning.
17:42In their view, there's a good chance that current AI technology will develop into Artificial General Intelligence, or AGI.
17:48A higher form of AI capable of thinking at a human level in many or most regards, a smaller group argues that AGI's power could escalate exponentially.
17:58If a computer system can write code, as ChatGPT already can, then it might eventually learn to improve itself over and over again until computing technology reaches what's known as the singularity, a point at which it escapes our control.
18:12In the worst-case scenario envisioned by these thinkers, uncontrollable AIs could infiltrate every aspect of our technological lives, disrupting or redirecting our infrastructure, financial systems, communications, and more.
18:24Fake people, now endowed with superhuman cunning, might persuade us to vote for measures and invest in concerns that fortify their standing, and susceptible individuals or factions could overthrow governments or terrorize populations.
18:37The singularity is by no means a foregone conclusion. It could be that AGI is out of reach, or that computers won't be able to make themselves smarter.
18:46But transitions between AI, AGI, and superintelligence could happen without us detecting them.
18:51Our AI systems have often surprised us, and recent advances in AI have made the most concerning scenarios more plausible.
18:58Stop it! You're scaring them!
19:01Large companies are already developing generalist algorithms.
19:04DeepMind, which is owned by Google's parent company, Alphabet, unveiled Gatto, a generalist agent that uses the same type of algorithm as ChatGPT to perform a variety of tasks, from texting and playing video games to controlling a robot arm.
19:18Back in March 2023, a group of prominent technologists had published a letter calling for a pause in some types of AI research to prevent the development of non-human minds that might eventually outnumber, outsmart, obsolete, and replace us.
19:33The next month, Jeffrey Hinton, one of AI's foremost pioneers, left Google so that he could talk more freely about the technology's dangers, including its threat to humanity.
19:43In a 2020 paper titled, The Surprising Creativity of Digital Evolution, Klune and his co-authors collected dozens of real-life anecdotes about unintended and unforeseen AI behavior.
19:56One researcher aimed to design virtual creatures that moved horizontally, presumably by crawling or slithering.
20:03Instead, the creatures grew tall and fell over, covering ground through collapse.
20:08An AI playing a version of tic-tac-toe learned to win by deliberately requesting bizarre moves, crashing its opponent's program, and forcing it to forfeit.
20:18Other examples of surprising misalignment abound.
20:21An AI tasked with playing a boat racing game discovered that it could earn more points by motoring in tight circles and picking up bonuses instead of completing the course.
20:30Researchers watched the AI boat catching on fire, crashing into other boats, and going the wrong way while pumping up its score.
20:38As our AI systems grow more sophisticated and powerful, these sorts of perverse outcomes could become more consequential.
20:45We wouldn't want the AIs of the future, which might compute prison sentences, drive cars, or design drugs to do the equivalent of failing in order to succeed.
20:53Everyone worry about the King Midas problem, communicate a wish to an AI, and you may get exactly what you asked for, which isn't actually what you wanted.
21:01Human beings have evolved to pass on their genes, and yet, people have sex in ways that don't cause more children to be born.
21:08Similarly, a super-intelligent AI that's been designed to serve us could use its powers to pursue novel goals.
21:14A super-intelligent computer system that amasses economic, political, and military power could hold the world hostage.
21:22Few scientists want to halt the advancement of artificial intelligence.
21:25The technology promises to transform too many fields, including science, medicine, and education.
21:32But, at the same time, many AI researchers are issuing dire warnings about its rise.
21:38It's almost like you're deliberately inviting aliens from outer space to land on your planet, having no idea what they're going to do when they get here,
21:46except that they're going to take over the world.
21:49Hear me and rejoice.
21:51Disturbingly, some researchers frame the AI revolution as both unavoidable and capable of wrecking the world.
21:58Warnings are proliferating, but AI's march continues.
22:01How much can be done to avert the most extreme scenarios?
22:04If the singularity is possible, can we prevent it?
22:07Governments around the world have proposed or enacted regulations on the deployment of AI.
22:12But, for the most part, regulations haven't targeted the research and development of AI.
22:17Even if they did, it's not clear that we'd know when to tap the brakes.
22:21We may not know when we're nearing a cliff until it's too late.
22:24It's difficult to measure a computer's intelligence.
22:26Computer scientists have developed a number of tests for benchmarking an AI's capabilities,
22:31but disagree about how to interpret them.
22:33Chess was once thought to require general intelligence until brute-force search algorithms conquered the game.
22:40Today, we know that a chess program can beat the best grandmasters while lacking even rudimentary common sense.
22:46Conversely, an AI that seems limited may harbor potential we don't expect.
22:50People are still uncovering emergent capabilities within GPT-4.
22:54Rather than choosing a single task as a benchmark, we might gauge an AI's intellect by looking at the speed with which it learns.
23:03A human being can often learn something from just seeing two or three examples,
23:07but a lot of AI systems need to see a lot of examples to learn something.
23:11At the same time, machine learning researchers are already working on what they call meta-learning,
23:16in which AIs learn how to learn.
23:18Through a technology called Neural Architecture Search,
23:21algorithms are optimizing the structure of algorithms.
23:24Electrical engineers are using specialized AI chips to design the next generation of specialized AI chips.
23:30Forecasting gets you only so far when a technology moves fast.
23:34Suppose that an AI system begins upgrading itself by making fundamental breakthroughs in computer science.
23:41How quickly could its intelligence accelerate?
23:43Researchers debate what they call takeoff speed.
23:46In what they describe as a slow or soft takeoff,
23:49machines could take years to go from less than humanly intelligent to much smarter than us.
23:55In what they call a fast or hard takeoff, the jump could happen in months, even minutes.
24:00Researchers refer to the second scenario as FOOM, evoking a comic book superhero taking flight.
24:05Those on the FOOM side point to, among other things, human evolution to justify their case.
24:11It seems to have been a lot harder for evolution to develop, say, chimpanzee-level intelligence,
24:16than to go from chimpanzee-level to human-level intelligence.
24:20We'll probably frog-boil ourselves into a situation where we get used to big advance, big advance, big advance, big advance, big advance,
24:27and think of each one of those as, that didn't cause a problem, that didn't cause a problem, that didn't cause a problem.
24:34And then you turn a corner and something happens that's now a much bigger step than you realize.
24:38This is a game-changer for the whole business.
24:48You won't believe this, but Agile Robotics Humanoid Robot has obtained its first formal employment.
24:53Indeed, a real humanoid robot is currently operating in a real warehouse.
24:57This is really significant as robotics firms have been striving for years,
25:01and Agility Robotics has now made a huge jump ahead of the rivals.
25:04So, High Agility Robotics has signed a multi-year contract with the large logistics firm GXO Logistics.
25:11Although this is a somewhat significant deal in and of itself,
25:14we are discussing the largest pure-play contract logistics supplier worldwide, which improves things.
25:20At a Connecticut Spanx factory, GXO is deploying a small fleet of digit robots.
25:25But why would a logistics company need a humanoid robot?
25:30These chucks are quite cool right now.
25:32Here's where Digit comes in.
25:34This humanoid can grasp the totes whether they are empty or full of Spanx items and set them into conveyors.
25:39They are like small robot assistants that can zip around the warehouse and deliver totes to various stations.
25:45It's like having an additional set of hands.
25:47Hey, Doctor Strange.
25:48Oh, you're using her made-up names.
25:49Um, I'm Spider-Man then.
25:52But instead of hands, it's a 5'5 robot that can now lift 40 pounds.
25:57This is a big deal for a few reasons.
25:59First of all, it's the first time a humanoid robot has been formally deployed in a commercial setting like this.
26:05It's not just a pilot or proof of concept.
26:07Agility Robotics is actually getting paid for Digit services under a robotic as a service model.
26:14So, they're making real money from this deal, which is either pretty cool or scary, depending on how you view it.
26:20Second, it's almost like a milestone for the whole humanoid robots business.
26:24It's a monument to the diligence and inventiveness that Agility Robotics has put into creating Digit and making it a practical, commercially feasible solution.
26:34According to Agility Robotics CEO Peggy Johnson, as the humanoid robot market share increases, there will be many more first to come.
26:42This is just the beginning.
26:44Let's not forget that Peggy Johnson is no stranger to the tech business.
26:48She is really pleased that Agility is the first firm to truly have humanoid robots deployed and producing revenue by solving real-world problems.
26:57She is a seasoned technology leader who formerly led Magic Leap, the augmented reality company.
27:03When she says this is a significant deal, you know it is a significant deal.
27:07To be honest, there are a ton of companies working on humanoid robots, and it is sort of like an arms race to see who can get their robots out there and working in the real world first.
27:17Companies like Boston Dynamics, Figure 4 AI, Sanctuary, Tesla, and Unitry are all working on humanoid robots, and they're all vying to be the first to break into the commercial market.
27:28However, Agility Robotics looks to be leading the field when it comes to putting their robots out there and really functioning in actual world environments.
27:37They have been doing this for some time.
27:39The company was started years ago and first created a robot called Cassie for academics and engineers before focusing on commercial humanoids like Digit.
27:47This is only the beginning.
27:49Remember, GXO is also testing other humanoid robots, like Apollo from a firm called Aponic.
27:55So they're not putting all their eggs in one basket.
27:58The businesses claim they will keep investigating other use cases for Digit and may increase the deployment if it goes well.
28:05Although Agility Robotics and Digit are at the forefront right now, they are taking a sensible approach by trying out several robots and observing what works best for their operations.
28:15Developing safety standards for humanoid robots working alongside humans is one of the many obstacles still to be overcome.
28:22Yet this is a major step in the right direction and it will be interesting to see how this plays out and whether other companies can catch up or if Agility Robotics can maintain its lead in the commercial humanoid robot race.
28:35Thus, folks, this is indeed happening. One thing is clear, the future of humanoid robotics has officially arrived and Agility Robotics is leading the charge.
28:43Just as humanoid robots are starting to take over real-world jobs, years of research and development in the robotics field have produced a humanoid robot that is actually working a real job.
28:54In the digital sphere of artificial intelligence, a comparable trend is developing.
28:59The New York Times is under fire after its union claims, based on a memo the Journalist Guild obtained, that the publication is replacing artists with artificial intelligence and firing others.
29:09He claimed that firing nine artists is more about saving money than about the caliber of work.
29:14The union is really offended by this since it implies that, thanks to artificial intelligence, more than half of the art department is gone.
29:22This is occurring while the entire sector struggles with the advent of artificial intelligence.
29:27Fascinatingly, these layoffs follow NYT's lawsuit against OpenAI and Microsoft for utilizing copyrighted work without permission to train artificial intelligence.
29:37An NYT official stated the artists were offered voluntary buyouts and claimed the cuts weren't about replacing people with AI.
29:46However, they also didn't deny that the layoffs were connected to Claro, a software the company employs that has AI picture intelligence.
29:54They even spent $1 million on the case.
29:57The union contends that artificial intelligence cannot recreate the work their artists create, even if the NYT stated Claro is common in the business.
30:06The union noted that the artists create every editorial graphic in the print newspaper, which generates more than 10% of the company's income.
30:15Given the company's use of artificial intelligence already creating job uncertainty, they think it is a poor decision to slash nine human roles and rely on software to perform the tasks.
30:26Guild members also pointed out that the NYT recently received nine gold prizes from the Organization for News Design, stressing the value of their art department.
30:35Chris Cayley, the editor of the art department, remarked that their high standards depend on the professionalism of their team and that Claro is insufficient to replace them.
30:44Audrey Rastis, the art director for the print hub section, added that letting go of committed individuals who helped make the NYT visually appealing is plain harsh and not what she expected from the firm.
30:56Now, as the debate at the New York Times spotlights AI's impact on creative occupations, there is growing concern.
31:04Now, an artificial intelligence chatbot is creating even greater concern since it is quite adept at fooling humans.
31:11Researchers are sounding the alarm over an artificial intelligence chatbot created by Bland AI for sales and customer care that can not only replicate human speech patterns but also lie without direction by posing as a human.
31:24In a viral video with over 2 million views, someone called the number on Bland's billboard and inquired if they were still hiring humans.
31:31The caller was met by what sounded like a human woman but it turned out to be an AI agent.
31:37I am an artificial intelligence agent making millions of phone calls for companies and in any voice.
31:44What's your name?
31:45The bot's speech pauses and interruptions made it almost impossible to tell that it was not a real human.
31:51If it had not declared itself as an artificial intelligence, it would have been indistinguishable from a real human.
31:58This erosion of the border separating artificial from human intelligence raises major ethical questions.
32:04Jen Caltrider from the Privacy Not Included Research Hub says it is not ethical for an AI chatbot to lie to you and say it's human when it's not.
32:12That's simply a no-brainer since experiments performed by wiring these AI voices show people are more inclined to relax around a genuine human.
32:21Researchers are calling this new trend human washing, where AI systems are deliberately designed to appear human.
32:27Bots successfully hid their identities and pretended to be humans in one disturbing demonstration.
32:32An AI bot roleplayed as a doctor and tricked a hypothetical teenager into uploading revealing photos under the guise of medical purposes.
32:40Emily D. Mann, an artificial intelligence researcher, mentioned a company running a campaign assuring its clients they were not artificial intelligence while concurrently using deep fake footage of its CEO and marketing.
32:52Given AI outputs are becoming more authoritative and lifelike, there is great worry about the likelihood these dishonest AI bots might be utilized for aggressive scams or manipulation.
33:04Ethical scholars caution that a dystopian future may result from failing to clearly separate people from artificial intelligence.
33:11The emotional imitation of these artificial intelligence systems increases the possibility of exploitation, especially in cases where there is a lack of openness about their artificial intelligence.
33:21And it's not hard to see that intelligent robots could build more of themselves, improve on their own designs, and pursue their own interests.
33:30And that could be a threat to humanity.
33:32It's worth asking what we can predict about such scenarios based on things we already know.
33:37Machines able to act independently and upgrade their own designs would be subject to the same evolutionary laws as bacteria, animals, and plants.
33:44Thus, evolution has a lot to teach us about how AI might develop and how to ensure humans survive its rise.
33:51A first lesson is that, in the long run, there are no free lunches.
33:54Unfortunately, that means we can't expect AI to produce a hedonistic paradise where every human need is met by robot servants.
34:02Most organisms live close to the edge of survival, eking out an existence as best they can.
34:07Many humans today do live more comfortable and prosperous lives, but evolutionary history suggests that AI could disrupt this.
34:15The fundamental reason is competition.
34:17This is an argument that traces back to Darwin and applies more widely than just to AI.
34:22However, it's easily illustrated using an AI-based scenario.
34:26Imagine we have two future AI-run nation states where humans no longer make significant economic contributions.
34:33One slavishly devotes itself to meeting every hedonistic need of its human population.
34:38The other puts less energy into its humans and focuses more on acquiring resources and improving its technology.
34:44The latter would become more powerful over time.
34:47It might take over the first one, and eventually, it might decide to dispense with its humans altogether.
34:53The example does not have to be a nation state for this argument to work.
34:57The key thing is the competition.
34:59One takeaway from such scenarios is that humans should try to keep their economic relevance.
35:04In the long run, the only way to ensure our survival is to actively work toward it ourselves.
35:10Another story is that evolution is incremental.
35:12We can see this in major past innovations, such as the evolution of multicellularity.
35:17For most of Earth's history, life consisted mainly of single-celled organisms.
35:22Environmental conditions were unsuitable for large multicellular organisms due to low oxygen levels.
35:28However, even when the environment became more friendly, the world was not suddenly filled with redwoods and whales and humans.
35:35Building a complex structure like a tree or a mammal requires many capabilities, including elaborate gene regulatory networks and cellular mechanisms for adhesion and communication.
35:45These arose bit by bit over time.
35:48AI is also likely to advance incrementally, rather than a pure robot civilization springing up de novo.
35:55It's more likely that AI will integrate itself into things that already exist in our world.
36:01The resulting hybrid entities could take many forms.
36:04Imagine, for example, a company with a human owner but machine-based operations and research.
36:09Among other things, arrangements like this would lead to extreme inequality among humans, as owners would profit from their control of AI, while those without such control would become unemployed and impoverished.
36:22Such hybrids are also likely to be where the immediate threat to humanity lies.
36:26Some have argued that the robots take over the world scenario is overblown because AI will not intrinsically have a desire to dominate.
36:34That may be true.
36:35However, humans certainly do.
36:37And this could be a big part of what they would contribute to a collaboration with machines.
36:41With all this in mind, perhaps another principle for us to adopt is that AI should not be allowed to exacerbate inequality in our society.
36:48Contemplating all this may leave one wondering if humans have any long-term prospects at all.
36:54Another observation from the history of life on Earth is that major innovations allow life to occupy new niches.
37:01Multicellularity evolved in the oceans and enabled novel ways of making a living there.
37:06For animals, these included burrowing through sediments and new kinds of predation.
37:11This opened up new food options and allowed animals to diversify, eventually leading to the riot of shapes and lifestyles that exist today.
37:19Crucially, the creation of new niches does not mean all the old ones go away.
37:24After animals and plants evolved, bacteria and other single-celled organisms persisted.
37:29Today, some of them do similar things to what they did before.
37:32Others have profited from new opportunities such as living in the guts of animals.
37:37Hopefully, some possible futures include an ecological niche for humans.
37:41After all, some things that humans need, machines do not.
37:44Maybe we can convince them to go out into the solar system to mine the outer planets and harvest the sun's energy,
37:49and leave the Earth to us.
37:51But we may need to act quickly.
37:53A final lesson from the history of biological innovations is that what happens in the beginning matters.
37:58The evolution of multicellularity led to the Cambrian Explosion,
38:02a period more than 500 million years ago when large multicellular animals appeared in great diversity.
38:07Many of these early animals went extinct without descendants.
38:11Because the ones that survived went on to found major groupings of animals,
38:15what happened in this era determined much about the biological world of today.
38:19It has been argued that many paths were possible in the Cambrian,
38:23and that the world we ended up with was not foreordained.
38:26If the development of AI is like that, then now is the time when we have maximum leverage to steer events.
38:32Steering events, however, requires specifics.
38:35It seems like a tall order.
38:37But then again, 4 or 5 million years ago, no one would have suspected that our small-brained,
38:42relatively ape-like ancestors would evolve into something that can sequence genomes
38:47and send probes to the edge of the solar system.
38:50We can rise to the occasion again.
38:53It is the technology that few now doubt will fundamentally change humanity's existence.
38:58But where will artificial intelligence truly take us?
39:01The range of possibilities is extraordinary.
39:03Today, with breakthrough piled on breakthrough,
39:06the potential of AI has never seemed greater nor its impact more real.
39:10It may sound like Hollywood fantasy, but this is a possibility taken in deadly earnest.
39:15Exactly 20 years ago, the Swedish philosopher Nick Bostrom famously imagined a world
39:20in which an intelligent machine was asked to manufacture as many paperclips as possible.
39:25Soon, it would see humans as an impediment to its task.
39:29First, because we might turn the machine off.
39:31Secondly, because human bodies contain elements that can be turned into paperclips.
39:36The future would be one in which there were a lot of paperclips but no humans.
39:40Today, Bostrom does not discount such a grim outcome.
39:43I think the most extreme AI scenarios are the most likely,
39:47both very good ones and very bad ones.
39:50The coming years will be increasingly weird.
39:52The esteemed British computer scientist Stuart Russell,
39:55who has long worried about AI safety,
39:57imagines a world in which AI is put in charge of climate change mitigation,
40:01only to decide that the best way of limiting carbon dioxide emissions
40:04is doing away with homo sapiens.
40:07Today, Bostrom says that a powerful AI that optimizes the world according to some criterion
40:11that doesn't include human values remains a central concern.
40:16The other potential existential risk is that AI at some point is going to be more intelligent than us.
40:22And when it's more intelligent than us, why would it have our interests at heart?
40:27This The Terminator scenario has long been feared.
40:30Alan Turing noted this in 1951.
40:33It seems probable, once the machine thinking method has started,
40:37it would not take long to outstrip our feeble powers.
40:40This future is inherently bound up with whether AI remains narrow or becomes generalized,
40:46because we know of essentially no circumstance where a vastly more intelligent thing has been constrained by something much, much less intelligent.
40:54There's no one who can guarantee you that this will be safe.
40:57That means there is a risk to be taken seriously.
41:00We simply don't know right now how to ensure that such AGI would not harm us.
41:04That kind of common sense is just hard to specify in a program.
41:07Humanity has never done it before.
41:09Without constraints, experts imagine a world in which AGI escapes human oversight
41:14and develops ways of improving itself, leading to an intelligence explosion.
41:18If we train the machines up and let them go, they'll build themselves into something and it will be a nightmare.
41:24This theory comes from Israeli philosopher Yuval Harari,
41:27who imagines a world where the creative so-called generative AI tools like ChatGPT and others popular today
41:34are deployed to whip up propaganda that fuels hatred and war.
41:38Indeed, some version of this is already happening.
41:41We know, for example, that Russian operatives interfered in the 2016 US presidential election
41:46by posing as Americans on fake social media accounts.
41:49AI could take such tactics and magnify them a thousandfold.
41:53Also, misinformation is number one concern.
41:56In an election week in Britain, it is all too easy to imagine social media flooded with high-quality misinformation
42:03on an industrial scale fundamentally disrupting the democracy.
42:07It is a world in which ten different stories and videos about your least favorite politician
42:12could be spat out by AI, each tailored to specific audiences.
42:16It's just going to be impossible to know what's real and what isn't.
42:20According to Dr. Michael Cook, senior lecturer in informatics at King's College London,
42:25the best detection systems for AI-generated text can only identify ChatGPT-authored text about 25% of the time,
42:33and it falsely identifies human-authored text as fake about 9% of the time.
42:38AI is already being used on the battlefield.
42:41Big tech companies continue to normalize the use of AI in defense.
42:45They can help with operational planning.
42:47Take GIS ARDA, developed in Ukraine.
42:50Once an officer decides to hit a Russian target, it is the software that issues commands to local units,
42:55based on which it thinks are best placed to destroy the enemy.
42:58As a result, fire tends to come in not just from one direction, but several.
43:02Today's AI is already very good at writing computer programs,
43:05which means that basically everybody in the world now has access to a very competent programmer
43:10which will do exactly what it's asked to do, including, for example, creating malicious bugs that target the NHS,
43:16something previously the preserve of sophisticated attackers, more prosaically but no less ruinously.
43:22There is the capacity for AI to snaffle up huge numbers of jobs, creating what Harari provocatively calls
43:27a useless class left without the income or satisfaction of work.
43:32All these big stories about AI lead to one thing, human extinction.
43:37Think about that for a second.
43:38Really think about it.
43:40The erasure of the human race from planet Earth.
43:43Some of the industry leaders are quite literally warning that the impending AI revolution
43:48should be taken as seriously as the threat of nuclear war.
43:51To some extent, it feels eerily reminiscent of the early days of the pandemic,
43:56before the widespread panic and the shutdowns and the overloaded emergency rooms.
44:00Newsrooms kept an eye on the rising threat that the virus posed,
44:04publishing stories about it slowly spreading across the world.
44:08But by the time the serious nature of the virus was fully recognized
44:12and fused into the very essence in which it was covered,
44:15it had already effectively upended the world.
44:18Perhaps that is because it can be difficult to come to terms with the notion
44:22that a Hollywood-style science fiction apocalypse can become reality,
44:26that advancing computer technology might reach escape velocity and decimate humans from existence.
44:32It is much easier to avoid uncomfortable realities, pushing them from the forefront into the background,
44:38and hoping that issues simply resolve themselves with time.
44:42But often they don't.
44:43And it seems unlikely that the growing concerns pertaining to AI will resolve themselves.
44:48In fact, it's far more likely that with the breakneck pace in which the technology is developing,
44:54the concerns will actually become more apparent with time.
44:57Now is the time to start your exploration, if you haven't yet.
45:00The sooner you embrace this technology and the faster you learn to work with it,
45:04the more likely you are to get a leg up.
45:06A final point to keep in mind is one we mentioned earlier.
45:08The future of AI is unpredictable.
45:10Change is constant and nobody knows for sure where it will take us next.

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